No. 10 (Read in this order) Mysteries of History Revealed Part 1 Chapter 2, Pages 63 - 75.

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NO MAJOR CATACLYSMS ACCORDING TO LYELL

Not too long ago Darwinian atheists claimed that there were NO world-wide cataclysms. Since Charles Lyell published his Principles of Geology and Charles Darwin founded his theory on it. But like many evolutionary ideas, this was found to be false and had to be revised when new evidence of an asteroid/comet impact left evidence in an iridium layer at the top of the Mesozoic/Cretaceous strata, the KT Boundary above dinosaur deposits.

BLAST FROM THE PAST

When the agnostic Theistic Evolutionist Immanuel Velikovsky, a Russian-Jewish psychiatrist and independent scholar (Russian: Иммануи́л Велико́вский) published his book Earth in Upheaval, the atheistic Darwinian scientific establishment went berserk, accusing him of being an amateur non-scientist crackpot. However, this was before they began to see merit in what he said when the Alvarez hypothesis became acceptable to main stream evolutionists. Here is what Wikipedia has to say:

“Alvarez hypothesis posits that the mass extinction of the dinosaurs and many other living things was caused by the impact of a large asteroid on the Earth sixty-five million years ago, called the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event or KT Boundary. Evidence indicates that the asteroid fell in the Yucatán Peninsula, at Chicxulub (pronounced CHIC SHAL LUBE). The hypothesis is named after the father-and-son team of scientists, physicists Luis and Walter Alvarez, who first suggested it in 1980 after making several discoveries. In March 2010 an international panel of scientists endorsed the asteroid hypothesis, specifically the Chicxulub impact, as being the cause of the extinction. A team of 41 scientists reviewed 20 years of scientific literature and in so doing also ruled out other theories such as massive volcanism. They determined that a 10–15 km (6–9 mi) space rock hurtled into earth at Chicxulub. The rock's size could be approximately the entire size of Martian moon Deimos (mean radius 6.2 km); the collision would have released the same energy as 100 teratonnes of TNT, over a billion times the energy of the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.^”

SATELLITES OF MARS ARE CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITE ASTEROIDS?

Technical papers by J. B. Pollack, Planetary satellites. (A77-40972 19-91) Tucson, University of Arizona Press, 1977, p. 319-344; Discussion, p. 344, 345. NASA-supported research tells us about Phobos & Deimos, “Photometric measurements suggest that they are made of either carbonaceous chondritic material or basalt.” Sinclair (1972), Born and Duxbury (1975) and Shor (1975).

This technical paper confirms these satellites of Mars are made of the same common stony material that made up the asteroid that created the KT Boundary, as well as the 1908 meteorite that exploded in the air above the Tunguska wilderness in Siberia. And stony chondrites are the most common meteoroids in space but fewer of them reach the ground compared to the rare irons.

TUNGUSKA METEORITE OF 1908

The giant Siberian explosion at 7:14 a.m. on June 30, 1908, shook central Siberia. Witnesses described seeing a fireball in the sky, as bright and hot as the sun. Millions of trees fell and the ground shook. Several scientists investigated it years later in 1920, but for many decades it remained a mystery as to what caused the explosion. When I read a book about it I came to the conclusion it produced the same rare elements found in the KT boundary and was therefore a carbonaceous chondrite. So why did it remain a mystery? Was it because they knew it would confirm that there had been an impact that could have caused the extinction at the KT boundary, which they didn’t want to accept? The Siberian impact is estimated to have been a thousand times more powerful than the bomb dropped on Hiroshima. However, if the blast was caused by a carbonaceous chondrite comet or meteor entering the Earth's atmosphere, they realized that it posed a lethal threat in the future.

My paraphrase: The interesting thing about the 1908 Tunguska event is it exploded in the air and left only meteorite dust, rare elements not commonly found on earth. Along with glass spherules (tiny glass tektites). Some local geochemical anomalies were discovered at the epicenter of the Tunguska explosion. Substantial shifts in isotopic compositions of carbon, hydrogen, lead, cobalt, copper, titanium, and other elements were found (Dmitriev & Zhuravlev, 1984; Vasilyev, 1995)

Society for Scientific Exploration from Edge of Science tells us:

“The soil is also enriched with rare earths (samarium, europium, terbium, ytterbium, gadolinium, etc), as well as with barium.”

The quote above is from EdgeScience #5

October–December 2010 A publication of the

Society for Scientific Exploration. Here is their magazine statement of purpose:

“EdgeScience is a quarterly magazine.

Print copies are available from

edgescience.magcloud.com.

For further information, see edgescience.org

Email: edgescience@gmail.com

Why EdgeScience? Because, contrary to public

perception, scientific knowledge is still full of

unknowns. What remains to be discovered — what

we don’t know — very likely dwarfs what we do

know. And what we think we know may not be

entirely correct or fully understood. Anomalies, which

researchers tend to sweep under the rug, should be

actively pursued as clues to potential breakthroughs

and new directions in science.”

Journal of Geophysical Research Volume 68, Issue 3, pages 911–917, 1 February 1963 confirms these are rare earth elements found in meteorites proving the Tunguska 1908 event was a meteorite, but still doesn’t explain why no one for a long time would not accept this explanation. One Russian theory claimed it was an alien space ship!

METEOR CRATER CLASSIC EXAMPLE OF BIAS

Meteor Crater is a classic example of this situation of evolutionary bias when fact opposes theory, facts are rejected. Professor Herman Leroy Fairchild was the first to research the Arizona meteorite impact area and found iron meteorites all over the ground, but the scientific community ridiculed his conclusions, because it didn’t fit Charles Lyell’s uniformitarian theory of evolution and accepted the volcanic explosion hypothesis. Fairchild’s original results were published in Science which cased an uproar. It was almost a 100 years before the evolutionists would admit the obvious

truth – this is the normal course of ‘scientific’ progress. Usually it is a lone brave researcher that goes against the consensus opinion that turns out to be right.^

 Fairchild, H.L. (1930). "Nature and fate of the Meteor Crater bolide". Science 72 (1871): 463–466. Bibcode:1930Sci....72..463F. doi:10.1126/science.72.1871.463. PMID 17800007.

When iron meteorites were found lying all over the ground around the crater by mining engineer Daniel Barringer in 1903, he bought the crater to mine for the very valuable rare metal platinum common in iron meteorites.

However, no professional scientist would accept his meteorite theory. In spite of the fact that at the time of the crater’s first discovery by Europeans in the early 19^th century, the surrounding plains were covered with about 30 tons of large oxidized iron meteorite fragments.

In spite of this, evolutionists claimed it was a volcanic explosion that formed the crater. They accepted conclusions by Grove Karl Gilbert, chief geologist for the U.S. Geological Survey, who investigated the crater in 1891 and deliberately concluded that it was the result of a volcanic steam explosion in spite of the over whelming evidence of meteorite impact. Gilbert claimed to assume that if it were an impact crater then the volume of the crater, as well as meteoritic material, should be present on the rim. He was as dumb as I was when I could not find any meteorite material after I hiked all the way down to the pit in the center. I only found white chalky white rock ‘flower’ pulverized by the impact. Then I saw an illustration in the museum, and I said, “That’s it, all the meteorite material was blasted in all directions outside the crater.” Sure enough I went outside the crater rim and found a rusty oxidized meteorite fragment every 10 feet. About 1903 the crater was officially named by the traditional method of naming it after the nearest Post Office, which by coincidence was Meteor! Did somebody know something the scientists didn’t? Before that it was called Canyon Diablo. Meteorites are often considered by native people to be a god or Satan cast out of heaven so this area was named Diablo which means Satan the accuser.

Evolution scientists claimed at the time of impact, the area was open grassland dotted with woodlands inhabited by woolly mammoths and giant ground sloths during the Pleistocene about 50 thousand years ago when the climate on the Colorado Plateau was much cooler and damper. They claim it was probably not inhabited by humans; the earliest confirmed accepted record of human habitation in the Americas dates from long after this impact. However, it has been proven that man did come to American thousands of years before the evolutionists will admit, just after their scattering from the Tower of Babel about 1980 BC. And native people attribute stars falling from heaven to be gods or devils, and often claim the site to be taboo, or a sacred site. It was the native peoples who told the early Europeans that something fell from heaven here, so the Spanish named it Diablo the Devil. I do not accept the evolutionary date and believe this impact was about the time of Peleg’s division described in the Bible when the earth was divided.

It wasn’t till 1955 before the evolutionist establishment were forced to admit the truth. A classic example of how science works. This is called consensus or majority rule, the Bible refers to it as “science falsely so called” in I Timothy 6:20. Some scientists continued to argue that it was volcanic eight more years till 1963!

References below:

1.  Roddy, D. J.; and E. M. Shoemaker (1995). "Meteor Crater (Barringer Meteorite Crater), Arizona: summary of impact conditions". Meteoritics 30 (5): 567. 

2.  Nishiizumi, K.; et al. (1991). "In situ 10Be-26Al exposure ages at Meteor Crater, Arizona". Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 55 (9): 2699–2703. Bibcode:1991GeCoA..55.2699N. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(91)90388-L.

Arizona’s Meteorite Crater was the first meteorite crater to be recognized by the scientific establishment. The second one was the Odessa Meteorite Crater in Texas. 

MY DISCOVERY OF CRATERS AT METEOR CRATER

I visited the Arizona’s Meteor Crater in 1992 which is 3900 feet in diameter. As I stood on the crater rim looking north I looked for other craters and I saw what appeared to be one out to the left.

This is a small crater north of the main Meteor Crater which I discovered,which has not been revealed to the public.

This is a closeup of the crater I found north of the main Meteor Crater which has not been revealed to the public. Notice the upraised rim proving it is an impact crater.

 This is another small crater south of Meteor Crater I discovered, and you can faintly see the small crater below and to the left of the main crater.

  

Here is a closeup of that miniature crater also not revealed to the public. Notice the upraised rims proving it is an impact crater.

Searching satellite photos researching for this book I discovered there is indeed another crater that is an exact miniature of the large main crater. But it was in the other direction from the main crater. It is 3000 feet south of the main crater and is 300 feet in diameter!

Then I discovered in the satellite photos that there is another crater where I observed it from the main crater’s rim north west of the main crater 1400 feet west of Meteor Crater Road 3.5 miles from the main crater which is 375 feet in diameter!

I searched in vain but found no references to other craters at this site. I wrote the above account a year ago. Yesterday I looked up Meteor Crater and was surprised to see a photo facing south at a high angle and I clearly saw a small crater to the south and beyond the big crater. I recognized its position, size, and the curved road that loops across its western rim. It was the crater I had discovered! Today I searched through all the photos I could find to see it again and they all avoid that area, or the resolution and small size hide this crater, almost like it was deliberate. I did find another photo at FossWeb.com featured on Google titled Barringer Crater which is a photo from The Planetary Science Institute a Non-profit research organization based in Tucson, Arizona. You faintly see the small crater in the background.

MY DISCOVERY OF CRATERS AT ODESSA METEORITE CRATER

I have also visited the Meteor Crater in Odessa, Texas.

1^ Smith, Julia Cauble. "Meteor crater at Odessa". Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved 5 November 2009.

2.^ Anonymous. "Meteor Impact Structures". Center for Energy & Economic Diversification, The University of Texas of the Permian Basin. Retrieved 5 November 2009.

The references above explain that: The main Odessa crater is 0.17 km (550 feet) in diameter. There are at least four small craters which associated with the main Odessa Crater confirmed in the literature. However, most of the references do not mention them, and those who do give no information. It has been proposed that Meteor Crater, Arizona may have been part of the same fall as the Odessa meteorites both dated by evolutionists at 50,000 years ago which would be about the time of the Tower of Babel and Peleg 4000 years ago. Both these impacts were Post-Flood.

One of the best complete references to Odessa is The Handbook of Texas Online which describes the Odessa meteor crater as the largest of several (Note: All other references who mention other craters, only say there are four craters.) smaller craters in the immediate area that were formed by the impact of thousands of octahedrites (an iron metallic type) that fell during the Pleistocene,^[2]  when Tar Pit animals deposited by catastrophic flood impacts in Los Angeles California. When it says thousands of octahedrite meteorites it indicates there should be thousands of craters!

When I visited in 2000 I explored this site for a half day, before there was a museum, and there was no one there. I observed a one foot shatter dome shaped like a small pyramid along one of the trails (a rock fractured into a pyramid by the blast), I saw rock flower pulverized by the impact, I found several meteorite fragments, and one was lying in front of one of the signs on the trail. There was an up-thrust rim of sedimentary rock blasted from 30 feet below ground creating tilted marine Cretaceous bedrock filled with masses of fossil marine oysters. This crater was formed in Cretaceous rock during the Flood, the impact was over 100 years later, and then the crater was filled with Pleistocene alluvium containing Pleistocene mammal bones from Post-Flood horse and elephants buried in another cataclysm.

The web site of the University of Texas of the Permian Basin (UTPB, Center for Energy and Economic Diversification [CEED]), identifies five craters and shows a distribution map of the meteorite fragments recovered. Most were found north and northwest of the main crater site, with only a few found to the south. They indicate that the structure of the main crater, because it was one of the earliest to be recognized and studied, is now used to name similar impact sites on a worldwide basis. Over 1500 meteorites have been recovered from the surrounding area over the years, the largest of which weighed approximately 300 pounds (135 kg), but excavations in the main crater confirm that there is no meteorite mass underground and probably never has been just like the crater in Arizona.

"The art of documenting craters as being the result of Meteorite falls is quite a new science," he said. "Even as recently as 1960 geologists were arguing that the vast crater in Arizona was the result of a volcanic gas explosion and that the thousands of meteorite fragments in the vicinity are coincidence. This is just another example of how hard it is for people to accept something. (Note: When the evidence contradicts evolution) The Odessa craters, on the other hand, are the best-documented craters in the world."

"When we sank the shaft, we found fossils of Pleistocene horses and elephant teeth, and the bedrock was still fragmented beneath," he noted. "This gives us some idea of the age, but what we really need to find is fossilized vegetation in the original soil to get carbon dating."

I like to look where other people would not think of looking. I went outside the fence at Odessa and found masses of rusty exfoliating iron masses. They were apparently meteorites weathering on the surface into oxidized fragments. I bought a Nantan meteorite from China which became crumbly and tended to gradually fall apart (exfoliate) which was similar. Then I came across a round area about 35 feet in diameter where no brush was growing surrounded by bushes. It looked like meteor craters I had seen in deserts in Australia, where sand had filled them. There was even a central up-thrust. Then I found an iron oxide in the sand which looked like some iron oxide meteorites I had bought that came from Australia. I also found a knife shaped piece of iron. These iron fragments did not look like any man made object, so I assume they are meteorites.

Iron meteorites can have odd shapes. At the museum I saw a 10 foot iron meteorite shaped like a doughnut.

Then I went outside the fence to the west and was amazed when I found a crater with a rim about 15 to 20 feet in diameter, then I found another, and another. I was very excited. I also found some iron meteorite fragments here and there.

Why do they only discuss the, main crater, why do they say there are 5 craters, and give no information on them?

I am now searching satellite maps of Odessa Texas Meteor Crater to determine what the truth is about what I observed. I discovered that the main crater is 550 feet in diameter. Surrounded by craters 75 foot, 58 foot, 33 foot, down to 12 feet next to main crater outside the fence. There are over 13, one half to one third the diameter of the main crater. You see over 25 larger craters of average 400 feet diameter cover 10 miles around the main crater, one approximately every mile apart. Most of these are North West of the main crater the same as the concentration of the meteorite fragments.

 This is Odessa meteorite crater where the road ends. The blue roofed building is the museum. But notice the same sized crater in the left of the picture. There were many of these scattered all over the area for miles the public is not told about.

This is a closeup of that other crater

Then I found one large crater at Silver Lake, TX which is 3500 feet diameter 150 miles north. I could find no geologic information on this lake, but finally found that they claim it is a man made lake. I don’t know if it is a meteorite crater, but there are two other craters nearby fill with sediment. They could be buried craters; one crater is 450 foot diameter 2250 feet south west of Silver Lake. Then another 500 foot crater is 5500 feet south west of the lake.

Since all the solid bodies in the solar system are covered with hundreds of craters, which includes asteroids and satellites around planets, then there must be just as many that have hit the earth. Of course the atmosphere of earth has burned up most of them so they don’t reach the ground unlike the satellites and some planets. But there should be a lot more craters on earth than we see. Where are they? Of course the worldwide Flood erased or buried most of them like the Manson crater in Iowa. At this time there are now 174 confirmed impact craters on earth, some are buried craters and there are many more that have not been discovered because they are in sedimentary rock below the surface, laid down during the Flood. Since God created everything perfect in the beginning we must assume there were no meteorite impacts between Eden and the beginning of the Flood. This means there were several impacts which triggered the Flood, then others during the Flood, and many after the Flood. Only Post-Flood impacts left clear craters on the surface. Since the Bible shows the earth is only 6 thousand years old, it means there have been a lot more recent impacts than establishment scientists have told us about. In fact due to the recent increase in bolides and impacts, television news has informed us, scientists are beginning to think impacts are more common than they thought! This is an understatement!

 Notice the huge craters filled with dark basalt lava the size of half the United States on the left! The side hidden from us has even more craters. Most of the craters on earth were erased during the Flood.

BIBLE & SCIENCE PROVES MEGA ASTEROID IMPACTS ARE RECENT AND COMMON

Creation scientists would say there is much more cosmic destruction, because all craters with little erosion show they were Post-Flood, which means there are over 174 very large impacts in the last few thousand years! These include Popagai in Siberia Russia which is the same size as Chicxulub at 112 miles in diameter. Those impacts that triggered the Flood, no more than 5 thousand years ago include: Verdefort in South Africa is 187 miles in diameter, Sudbury in Canada is 155 miles, Chicxulub (supposedly killed the dinosaurs) is 112 miles, Mancuagan Canada 62 miles, and there are others. Compare this to Meteor Crater at only ¾ mile, creating total devastation over 5 miles in all directions! The largest unconfirmed crater is in Australia known as Mapcis is 373 miles in diameter. The smallest of the craters are at lest 13 miles in diameter!

Ever since scientists claimed that an asteroid killed the dinosaurs, I realized that this evidence was misinterpreted and misdated. As a creation researcher I knew that most of the fossiliferous strata were deposited about 5 thousand years ago by the Flood containing dinosaurs.

Since then I have been finding evidence that there was another worldwide cataclysm after the Flood and meteorites might have something to do with it. Many occult writers have attributed this to the legend of Atlantis, while atheistic skeptics and some creationists have ignored it.

OVER HALF MILLION (500,000) CRATERS IGNORED BY SCIENCE

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2007, Abstract:

Evidence for an extraterrestrial impact 12,900 years ago that contributed to the megafaunal extinctions and the Younger Dryas cooling

“A carbon-rich black layer, dating to ≈12.9 ka, has been previously identified at ≈50 Clovis-age sites across North America and appears contemporaneous with the abrupt onset of Younger Dryas (YD) cooling. The in situ bones of extinct Pleistocene megafauna, along with Clovis tool assemblages, occur below this black layer but not within or above it. Causes for the extinctions, YD cooling, and termination of Clovis culture have long been controversial. In this paper, we provide evidence for an extraterrestrial (ET) impact event at ≅12.9 ka, which we hypothesize caused abrupt environmental changes that contributed to YD cooling, major ecological reorganization, broad-scale extinctions, and rapid human behavioral shifts at the end of the Clovis Period. Clovis-age sites in North America is overlain by a thin, discrete layer with varying peak abundances of (i) magnetic grains with iridium, (ii) magnetic microspherules, (iii) charcoal, (iv) soot, (v) carbon spherules, (vi) glass-like carbon containing nanodiamonds, and (vii) fullerenes with ET helium, all of which are evidence for an ET impact and associated biomass burning at ≈12.9 ka. This layer also extends throughout at least 15 Carolina Bays, which are unique, elliptical depressions, oriented to the northwest across the Atlantic Coastal Plain. We propose that one or more large, low-density ET objects exploded over northern North America, partially destabilizing the Laurentide Ice Sheet and triggering YD cooling. The shock wave, thermal pulse, and event-related environmental effects (e.g., extensive biomass burning and food limitations) contributed to end-Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions and adaptive shifts among PaleoAmericans in North America.”

A look at evidence of a Pleistocene-ending asteroid - Quest for Atlantis www.atlantisquest.com/Asteroid.html‎

Apr 1, 2013 - Was Atlantis destroyed by an asteroid impact? "It is perfectly reasonable to conclude that if such a cataclysm occurred about 10,000-15,000 BP legends would be told to relate the horror to future generations. Otto Heinrich Muck, a German engineer, who called his book Alles über Atlantis ("All About Atlantis"), published in the German language in 1976 says that in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of the United States,

"The two impact craters are adjacent and are similar in size and shape. Both are roughly oval, and in both, the major axes of the ellipses run from northwest to southeast. This would suggest that the objects that

struck like cosmic shells and gouged out these deep sea-holes came either from the southeast or the northwest."

“This hypothesis was supported by the fact that there were highly magnetic areas concentrated in the southeastern portions of each of the bays (Melton & Schriever, 1933).”

These craters have the same orientation as the Carolina Bays pointing to the same origin as high angle impact craters, and since they are underwater, they could not have formed by water erosion as is claimed for those on the dry land.

News Item: The Carolina bays: New evidence points to a killer comet ...

hamptonroads.com › Home › News

“The markers include charcoal and heavy metals, plus the element iridium. Iridium found in a worldwide soot layer deposited 65 million years ago was key to linking dinosaur extinctions to the Chicxulub impact crater under the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico.

Other markers found in the Carolina Bays include spiky glasslike pieces of carbon; fullerenes (bucky balls), which are round objects that resemble soccer balls because of their six-sided pattern; with helium-3 (Author’s Note: Trapped in the balls), an isotope not found naturally on this planet; and hollow balls of carbon.

The clincher, as far as West is concerned, is nanodiamonds,

Diamonds found in the bays and at Clovis archaeological sites across the country are rounded and strangely shaped because they were created within seconds, unlike slow-forming diamonds in the ground. There is, West said, no way to explain it other than an impact. Such diamonds have been found in one other location on Earth: in an oil field surrounding the Chicxulub crater.”

Also, diamonds are found under Popagai asteroid impact crater in Siberia Russia, which is same size as Chicxulub crater but is dated as Eocene, the Popagai impacted terrestrial graphite formed from carbon created by plants during the Flood, this carbon was trans formed into large unusually hard industrial diamonds by the tremendous pressure. This is additional evidence that the Eocene is Post-Flood, because carbon was a Post-Flood deposit. Russia's Popigai Meteor Crash Linked to Mass Extinction www.livescience.com/46312-popigai-crater-linked-eocene-mass-extinction...Jun 13, 2014 - Popigai crater is one of the 10 biggest impact craters on Earth, and in 2012, ... Earlier dating attempts had pinned Popigai's impact age at 35.7 

“Researchers from the University of California, Los Angeles precisely dated rocks from beneath the Popigai impact crater in remote Siberia to the Eocene epoch mass extinction that occurred 33.7 million years ago. Popigai crater is one of the 10 biggest impact craters on Earth.”

Why didn’t this Post-Flood impact produce the mass extinction by inundating the continents under the ocean like the one that triggered the Flood? Because there was no more water under pressure inside the earth to flood the dry land called fountains of the deep. This is why God said He created a boundary that the ocean could not cross again. Next time he will use FIRE.

Carolina bays are circular to oval, depressions with a wide range of area and depth are a very common feature in coastal Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, Georgia, and north central Florida (Prouty 1952, Kaczorowski 1977). They are also common in the Gulf of Mexico coastal plain within Texas and southwest Louisiana. These depressions vary in size from 0.4 to 3.6 km (0.25 to 2 miles) in diameter. Within Harris County, Texas the craters have raised rims, which are about 0.65m (2 ft) high.

 Typical Carolina Bay Meteorite Craters in Carolina.

A carbon rich layer produced by massive fires has been associated with sudden cooling called the Younger Dryas and the end of the Clovis culture which hunted large Pleistocene animals. They have documented the finding of magnetic grains with iridium, magnetic spherules, charcoal, soot, carbon spherules, nanodiamonds, fullenes containing extraterrestrial helium 3, in Carolina Bay craters, at the Dryas boundary, fossil sites with Pleistocene animal bones, and at Clovis archaeological sites across America.

The information above comes from an www.pnas.org/...Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ...by RB Firestone - ‎2007. ‎Related articles Oct 9, 2007 - Evidence for an extraterrestrial impact 12,900 years ago that contributed to the megafaunal extinctions and the Younger Dryas cooling.

Written by a team of 26 scientists who concluded:.

“We propose that one or more large, low-density (Author’s Note: carbonaceous stony) ET objects exploded over northern North America, partially destabilizing the Laurentide Ice Sheet and triggering YD cooling. The shock wave, thermal pulse, and event-related environmental effects (e.g., extensive biomass burning and food limitations) contributed to end-Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions and adaptive shifts among PaleoAmericans in North America.”

It has been estimated that there are 500 thousand craters, over a half million! And many are larger than Meteor Crater. They average between 0.25 (the size of Meteor Crater) to 2 miles in diameter.

This comes from my book Part 1. Order from Amazon Books look for Auldaney.